Major impacts
What is war on terror? Well, there are no exact definitions yet. The major characteristic of this expression is that there’s no specific battlefield and that the enemy isn’t an army. Also, it is without boundaries and it is against multiple enemies, not just one adversary.
"We will stay on the offense against the terrorists, fighting them abroad so we do not have to face them here at home." It is under this idea of a self defense that the Americans launch that war. The other countries were following them short after. Subsequent attacks in Madrid, London, Bali, and Amsterdam have underlined the importance of countering international terrorism.
Regional conflicts from the Israel-Palestine hostilities in the Middle East to India-Pakistan conflict to discord in Africa, the Philippines, Columbia, and elsewhere have used Bush administration discourse against terrorism to suppress human rights, to legitimate government oppression, and to kill political opponents throughout the world. Bush administration unilateralism in pursuing the war against terror throughout the world, including against an imagined “axis of evil” not directly related to the Al Qaeda terror network, has weakened multilateral agreements and forces from NATO to the UN and has increased collective insecurity immensely.
"We will stay on the offense against the terrorists, fighting them abroad so we do not have to face them here at home." It is under this idea of a self defense that the Americans launch that war. The other countries were following them short after. Subsequent attacks in Madrid, London, Bali, and Amsterdam have underlined the importance of countering international terrorism.
Regional conflicts from the Israel-Palestine hostilities in the Middle East to India-Pakistan conflict to discord in Africa, the Philippines, Columbia, and elsewhere have used Bush administration discourse against terrorism to suppress human rights, to legitimate government oppression, and to kill political opponents throughout the world. Bush administration unilateralism in pursuing the war against terror throughout the world, including against an imagined “axis of evil” not directly related to the Al Qaeda terror network, has weakened multilateral agreements and forces from NATO to the UN and has increased collective insecurity immensely.
Foreign policies
In the wake of the 9/11 attacks in the United States the Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 1373 (2001) which, among its provisions, obliges all states to criminalize assistance for terrorist activities, deny financial support and safe haven to terrorists, and share information about groups planning terrorist attacks.
Also, Bush clearly stated that the states were whether with them or with the terrorist. This politic didn’t give a lot of choice to the other countries which didn’t want to cut communication with the Superpower that were the United States. As an economic matter mostly, many countries decided to follow the United States even if most of them were considering that they were acting only for the interest of the USA.
For the United States, The threat of terrorist actions by Muslim fundamentalists has created the opportunity to forge a new, strategic “grand” political alliance not based on ideology or cultural affinity. Muslim fundamentalism was a potential external threat to the United States and Western and Eastern European countries and an internal threat to governments in Muslim countries, such as Pakistan, and to those with a Muslim minority in their populations, such as China and Russia.
Their foreign policies have been heavily criticized, more particularly after the discovery of what was happening in Abou Ghraib.
Aggressive U.S. military action throughout the world, failed propaganda in the Arab world, and what is perceived as growing U.S. arrogance and belligerence is producing more enemies in the Arab world and elsewhere that will no doubt create dangerous blowback effects in the future.
Also, Bush clearly stated that the states were whether with them or with the terrorist. This politic didn’t give a lot of choice to the other countries which didn’t want to cut communication with the Superpower that were the United States. As an economic matter mostly, many countries decided to follow the United States even if most of them were considering that they were acting only for the interest of the USA.
For the United States, The threat of terrorist actions by Muslim fundamentalists has created the opportunity to forge a new, strategic “grand” political alliance not based on ideology or cultural affinity. Muslim fundamentalism was a potential external threat to the United States and Western and Eastern European countries and an internal threat to governments in Muslim countries, such as Pakistan, and to those with a Muslim minority in their populations, such as China and Russia.
Their foreign policies have been heavily criticized, more particularly after the discovery of what was happening in Abou Ghraib.
Aggressive U.S. military action throughout the world, failed propaganda in the Arab world, and what is perceived as growing U.S. arrogance and belligerence is producing more enemies in the Arab world and elsewhere that will no doubt create dangerous blowback effects in the future.
Inside the country:
Another aspect of consequences of 9/11 is the changes which affected people socially. Cultural confrontations, stereotypical discrimination, and religious hatred had increased in almost everywhere around the globe. In the weeks following the attacks, there was a surge in incidents of harassment and hate crimes against Middle Easterners and others thought to be "Middle Eastern-looking" people — particularly Sikhs, which are stereotypically associated with Muslims by many Americans. In many cities there were reports of vandalism against mosques and other Islamic institutions.
These hate crimes also included mass arresting of those who were 'suspicious' of being terrorists. Frustrating security checks in the airports had never increased to the point of after 9/11. This social chaos and in-stabilization was created as a structure to show the affects of terrorism. The intention of the US administration to show people these affects by making the daily life harder for almost everyone, and in a way, legitimize the so called 'fight on terrorism'. It is known that this social construction was created with the help of mass media through newspapers, magazines, Internet, and television.
The notions of anti-Islam and Islam-phobia had increased in the western world. This had major social and psychological affects on the lives of those Muslim citizens of the western world. Being Arab, after 9/11 had very similar social affects of being a Black citizen in the United States during racial segregation. This social chaos and conflicts between US and the Eastern world had negative impacts on non-Muslim citizens of the America, also. Many Americans felt more vulnerable and carried fear of other attacks in their daily lives. Eventually, this social chaos resulted in many health related issues; mental and psychological illnesses.
These hate crimes also included mass arresting of those who were 'suspicious' of being terrorists. Frustrating security checks in the airports had never increased to the point of after 9/11. This social chaos and in-stabilization was created as a structure to show the affects of terrorism. The intention of the US administration to show people these affects by making the daily life harder for almost everyone, and in a way, legitimize the so called 'fight on terrorism'. It is known that this social construction was created with the help of mass media through newspapers, magazines, Internet, and television.
The notions of anti-Islam and Islam-phobia had increased in the western world. This had major social and psychological affects on the lives of those Muslim citizens of the western world. Being Arab, after 9/11 had very similar social affects of being a Black citizen in the United States during racial segregation. This social chaos and conflicts between US and the Eastern world had negative impacts on non-Muslim citizens of the America, also. Many Americans felt more vulnerable and carried fear of other attacks in their daily lives. Eventually, this social chaos resulted in many health related issues; mental and psychological illnesses.
The economic impacts
As a result of fear, uncertainty, conflicts in the world politics, economically the states were affected. The increase in oil prices had led to increase in many industries immediately. Major economic effects arose from the September 11 attacks, with initial shock causing global stock markets to drop sharply. The attacks themselves caused approximately $40 billion in insurance losses, making it one of the largest insured events ever. The drop in the stock markets and the increase in the oil prices had affected inflation, unemployment, therefore, an economical chaos in the most parts of the world. The fear from this political uncertainty, made the consumers to think twice before they went to spend their dollars, Euro, or other currencies around the globe.
Global security
9/11 demonstrated how fragile national borders had become in a technological age. If the world’s greatest power could be dealt such a devastating blow to its largest city and its national capital, what chance did other states have? Further, the ‘external’ threat in this case came not from another state, but from a terrorist organization, and one, moreover, that operated more as a global network rather than a nationally-based organization.
http://www.globalissues.org/issue/245/war-on-terror
https://www.cia.gov/news-information/cia-the-war-on-terrorism/terrorism-faqs.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/sep/05/9-11-impact-world-al-qaida
http://www.palgrave.com/politics/global/students/casestudies/14039_89826_Ch1_GPI_Sept11.pdf
http://pages.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/essays/globalizationterroraftermath.pdf
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6416780
http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/prmny-mponu/canada_un-canada_onu/positions-orientations/peace-paix/terrorism-terrorisme.aspx?lang=eng&view=d
http://www.anatoliadaily.com/irst/index.php/main-subjects/america/1210-a-shift-in-understanding-international-relations-us-foreign-policy-post-911-attacks
https://www.cia.gov/news-information/cia-the-war-on-terrorism/terrorism-faqs.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/sep/05/9-11-impact-world-al-qaida
http://www.palgrave.com/politics/global/students/casestudies/14039_89826_Ch1_GPI_Sept11.pdf
http://pages.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/essays/globalizationterroraftermath.pdf
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6416780
http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/prmny-mponu/canada_un-canada_onu/positions-orientations/peace-paix/terrorism-terrorisme.aspx?lang=eng&view=d
http://www.anatoliadaily.com/irst/index.php/main-subjects/america/1210-a-shift-in-understanding-international-relations-us-foreign-policy-post-911-attacks